Lubrication of engines



Aug. 4, 1931. L. sAivEs 1,817,422

LUBRICATION OF ENGINES Filed Jan. 5, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l Aug; 4,1931. y L. SAIVES 1,817,422

' LUBRICATION 0F ENGINES Filed Jan. 5. 1926 2 sheets-sheet 2 Fly 5 i 4/! 20 E f 26 15 j j 1 l6 25 5 l E 27 /a E 12' I I7 l3 Patented Aug. 4, 1931 UNITED STATES LEON SAIVES, OF BILLANGOURT,

FRANCE, ASSIGNORTQ ours RENAULT, or

BILLANCOURT, FRANCE LUBRICATION ENGINES Application filed January 5, 1926, Serial No. 7719,41 4, and in {Franee January 29, 1925.

This invention relates to the lubrication of engines more particularly internal combustion engines in which the valves are operated by a camshaft located at the upper part of the cylinders, and is intended to prevent leakage of oil at the joints and at the openings made in the cover ofthe camshaft to give passage to the rocking levers, when these latter actuate the valves outside the casing of the cam-shaft.

The apparatus according to the invention consists of an air pump exhauster driven by the cam-shaft at the same speed as this shaft or at a higher speed, and creating a lowering of pressure or partial vacuum inside the casing which prevents the oil from passing to the outside of the casing.

rises a second pump driven by the camshaft for the purpose of facilitating the return of the oil.

Fig. 1 is a general View of an internal combustion engine comprising a cam-shaft located above the cylinders, operating the valves through rocking levers, and showing diagrammatically the lubricating circuit of the engine.

Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively a cross section and a longitudinal section of the upper casing for the cam-shaft.

Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively sections to a bigger scale of the ends of the casing for the cam-shaft.

Oil is drawn from the main engine casing by a pump 1 and is delivered through the pipes 2 and 2 to the several bearings. A

branch pipe 3 leads oil into the casingl surrounding the cam-shaft 5. A return-pipe 27 is provided to carry off excess of oil to the main engine casing.

In the casing 4 surrounding the cam-shaft the oil thrown by the cam-shaft through the openings 30 ensures the lubrication of the shaft-bearings, of the pivots 6 of the rocking levers 7 as well as of the rollers 8. This oil or the condensation of the vapour of oil tends to leak through the joints of the cover 9 serving as support for the rocking levers 7, as well as through the openings for the passage for the rocking levers.

It has been proposed to place felts at these It also com-.

'sincetheyare attached to 'thecove'r 4:.

placeabut this means is insufficient, the oil escaping through these orifices after the engine has been running for some time.

If there is set .up inside the casing 4 a Certain 'lowering of pressureor partial vacuum, the oil will no longer leak through thesesjoints, since it will in some measure be sucked inwards. To effect this a pump 11 may be keyed on the cam-shaft 5 receiving ,n iotion from a bevel wheel 12 gearing with the pinion 13 ,fixedon the shaft 14 driven bythe crank shafto'f the engine.

: Asthe speed of the cam-shaft is comparatively slow, that of the pump can be .increased by means of an intermediate gear train. In the construction as shown in" Fig. glt he pump 11 isgloosegon the prolon- .-g ation 15 of the cam-shaft *5. A pinion 16 'lixedto the end of the shaft 15 gears with pinions 17, the axles 18 of-which are rfixed,

The aregin their turn attached to P niQ the pinion 20 attached pinions '19 driving to the ,pump vv11.

"It istherefore simple by a choice of gearing to make the pump rotate at such speed as will effect the desired lowering of pressure in the casing 4L.

To facilitate this operation the casing 4 should be made as tight fitting as possible and especially a packing should be pro vided at 21 around the driving shaft 1A, the oil taken up by the pump returns to the casing by the channel 22. At the other end of the engine, where is return 27 to the main engine casing, there is arranged at the end of the cam-shaft 5 a pump 23 rotating in a chamber 24: in the casing l, the teeth or blades 25' of this pump being inclined in such maner that they tend to force the oil into the chamber 26, whence the oil will flow into the return pipe 27.

The pipe 3 for admission of oil to the cam-shaft is inside and concentric with the pipe 27 and brings the cam-shaft forming a lubrication distributor through the central nozzle 28.

The clearance between the nozzle 28 and the pump 23 closing the end of the camlocated the oil the oil to the inside of H shaft should be as small as possible so as to limit the entry of air into the casing 4. This pump 23 allows of emptying the oil which accumulates in the lower part of the casing 4 notwithstanding the partial vacuum set up in this casing by the pump Vhat I claim is:

1. In an internal combustion engine having an overhead cam shaft, the combination of a cam shaft casing, oil supply and ex haust conduits connecting said casing with the crank case, an air exhauster connected with said casing at one end thereof and operated by the cam shaft, and an oil pump in the other end of the casing adapted for exhausting excess oil therefrom.

2. In an internal combustion engine having an overhead cam shaft, the combination of a cam shaft casing, oil supply and exhaust conduits connecting said casing with the crank case, a rotary air pump connected with said casing at one end thereof and operated by the cam shaft, and an oil pump at the other end of the casing and adapted to exhaust excess oil from the latter.

3. In an internal combustion engine having an overhead cam shaft, the combination of a cam shaft casing, oil supply and exhaust conduits connecting said casing with the crank case, a rotary air pump connected with said casing at one end thereof and operated by the cam shaft, and a rotary oil pump driven by the cam shaft located in the other end of the casing, and adapted for exhausting excess oil from the latter.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

LEON SAIVES. 

